Device for transferring personnel and/or goods from a surface vessel to an offshore structure or to another vessel

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a device, such as a gangway ( 4 ), for transferring personnel and/or goods from a surface vessel ( 1 ) to a fixed or floating structure, e.g. an offshore structure, such as a wind turbine ( 2 ), or to another vessel, the device ( 4 ) comprising first and second telescoping elements ( 9 A,  9 B) and an intermediate platform ( 11 ) for bridging the transition between the first and second telescoping elements ( 9 A,  9 B), which platform ( 11 ) is movable relative to both telescoping elements ( 9 A,  9 B).

The invention relates to a device, in particular an offshore access system, e.g. a gangway, passageway, walkway, transfer system, et cetera, for transferring personnel and/or goods, such as equipment and/or structural elements, from a surface vessel to a fixed or floating structure, e.g. an offshore structure, such as a wind turbine, or to another vessel, the device comprising first and second telescoping elements. The invention further relates to a vessel comprising such a device.

Offshore access systems, such as gangways, are used e.g. for transfer of personnel from ships to fixed or floating platforms and to other ships.

WO 02/20343, for instance, discloses a vessel provided with a telescopingly extendable gang plank mounted thereon for movement about a vertical axis.

With smaller ships and/or during rough weather, relative motion becomes more pronounced and telescoping speeds of the gangway increase. Often, the telescoping movement of the gangway is a limiting factor for safe transfer, i.e. the in- and out-sliding gangway is a potential safety hazard for personnel and/or goods, e.g. cargo in trolleys, on the gangway.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved transferring device, in particular to improve safety of personnel and/or goods on the transferring device.

To this end, the device according to the invention is characterized by an intermediate platform for bridging the transition between the first and second telescoping elements, which platform is movable relative to both telescoping elements.

In an embodiment, the platform is movable backwards and forwards over the transition.

In another embodiment, the device comprises a controller configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform relative to the movement of at least one of the telescoping elements, preferably such that it correlates with the movement of at least one of the telescoping elements and/or such that, at least during transfer of personnel and/or goods, the platform is maintained (kept) over the transition.

In a refinement, the movement of the platform is proportional, preferably by a factor in a range from 0.3 to 0.7, e.g. 0.5, to the relative movement of the telescoping elements.

For instance, when the first element is fixed, e.g. by means of a foundation, to a vessel and the second element is fixed, e.g. by means of one or more grippers or by thrusting, to an offshore structure, and the telescoping speed of the second element relative to the first element is Vt, the reciprocating movement of the platform is controlled at a speed Vp that equals 0.5 Vt. Thus, compared to a device without an intermediate platform, the device according to the present invention comprises two transitions at half the telescoping speed, improving overall safety.

In another embodiment, at least during transfer of personnel and/or goods, the platform is movable backwards and forwards from one end of the device the other end, e.g.

the platform is used to shuttle between the surface vessel and a fixed structure.

In a refinement, the controller is configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform such that it successively correlates with the movement of one of the telescoping elements, e.g. is locked to that element and at one end of e.g. a gangway, moves towards the other telescoping element, and correlates with the movement of the other telescoping element, e.g. is locked to that element and at the other end of the gangway.

Thus, the intermediate platform can be used as a shuttle, for example with gates and/or lights, allowing personnel and/or goods to access and leave the platform at zero speed at either end, even when telescoping speeds are high.

In another embodiment, the controller is configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform, when it moves from one of the telescoping elements to the other, following a mathematical function defined at least on the basis of the movement of one of the telescoping parts relative to the other. In an embodiment, the function is implemented by a real time algorithm.

If f(t), g(t), where t is time, are class C{circumflex over ( )}n functions (i.e., functions having an n-th order derivative that is continuous) describing the (measured) position values of the fixed part and the telescoping part, then a class C{circumflex over ( )}n algorithm computes a class C{circumflex over ( )}n function h(t), that describes the required position of the intermediate platform. This function h(t) meets the following requirements (the actual transition takes place in the interval (t1′, t2′), however to obtain the required behavior at t1′ and t2′ a slightly larger interval (t1, t2) is employed):

for t1<t≤t1′: h(t)=f(t)

for t2′≤t<t2: h(t)=g(t)

Since the algorithm runs in real time, it is causal, i.e. h(t0) does not depend on values of f(t) and g(t) for t>t0.

A suitable class C{circumflex over ( )}2 function is:

h(t)=(1−θ(t−t1′))≤f(t)+θ(t−t1′)·g(t),

where:

for t≤0,θ(t)=0

for 0<t<t2′−t1′=tθ, θ(t)=(t{circumflex over ( )}3/tθ{circumflex over ( )}5)·

(F1·tθ{circumflex over ( )}2+F2·t·tθ·F3·tθ{circumflex over ( )}2),

where F1, F2, and F3 are constants to ensure class C{circumflex over ( )}2 behavior at t1′ and t2′, and

for t≤t2′−t1′, θ(t)=1

To reduce or prevent shocks during the transition of the platform from one telescoping element to the other, it is preferred that the second derivative of the function is continuous, i.e. a class C{circumflex over ( )}2 function is indicated.

To also reduce or prevent jerks during the transition of the platform from one telescoping element to the other, it is preferred that the third derivative of the function is continuous, i.e. a class C{circumflex over ( )}3 function is indicated.

Typically, the intermediate platform is driven in the longitudinal direction of the device, such as a gangway, preferably by a dedicated drive system and preferably independent of the telescoping drive system but coupled to the control system of the telescoping drive system.

Typically, the controller comprises a processor and a memory and is configured, e.g. programmed, to receive data on the relative movement of the telescoping elements e.g. from the telescoping drive system or from a separate sensor, to process such data, and to operate one or more drivers that move the intermediate platform. For instance, the device may comprises a position transmitter, that measures the position of the telescoping element relative to the “fixed” element. In addition, to improve accuracy, the device may comprise a position transmitter that measures the position of the intermediate platform relative to the “fixed” element. Other possibilities include, but are not limited to, additional measurement of relative speeds and/or a Motion Reference Unit to determine the relative positions.

In general, the controller may be implemented in the form of any system including a processor and a memory that is capable of performing the functions described in this specification. Further, the controller may be coupled to one or more input/output (I/O) devices. Examples of input devices may include, but are not limited to, a lever, one or more buttons, a (small) keyboard, or the like. Examples of output devices may include, but are not limited to, a monitor or a display, speakers, or the like. Input and/or output devices may be coupled to the data processing system either directly or through intervening I/O controllers.

In an embodiment, the device comprises a driver, e.g. a hydraulic ram, belt and pulley, wire rope and sheave, chain and sprocket or rack and pinion, for moving the intermediate platform relative to both telescoping elements.

In general, it is preferred that one end of the device is pivotally connected to a foundation mounted or to be mounted on a surface vessel and the free end of the device is provided with one or more grippers for coupling the device, positively or through friction, to an offshore structure or (other) vessel. It is further preferred that the device comprises a system for actively compensating for the motions of the vessel at least during the coupling of the device to an offshore structure or to another vessel.

To reduce power consumption, in an embodiment, compensation is switched to idle when the arm is coupled to the offshore structure. I.e., after coupling, the distal end of the arm (at the coupling) relates to the offshore structure and the proximal end of the arm (at the foundation) and the vessel move freely with respect to said structure.

The invention further relates to a surface vessel comprising a device as described above for transferring personnel and/or goods from the vessel to an offshore structure or to another vessel.

For the sake of completeness, attention is drawn to the following prior art.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,011,615 relates to a gangway for transferring personnel between a ship and a fixed structure is formed by first and second mating extensible members which are arranged to form a platform. Springs are mounted inside the platform which permit the first and second members to elongate or shorten about a neutral point in order to accommodate a movement of the ship during heavy seas. Attaching devices are provided in each end of the gangway to secure it to the ship and to the fixed structure, respectively. An elastic tread can be placed on the gangway so that, when the gangway elongates or shortens, personnel walking on the gangway will not be injured or lose footing. the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,011,615 is a three-section gangway having sliding platforms (indicated by numeral 90) providing a ramp for personnel walking along the upper surface (65, 72) of sections (56, 55).

NL 1 033 767 relates to a footbridge which has two movable parts moveable in a longitudinal direction relative to each other. A flexible body extends along an end (7) and another end of the movable parts, and is partially overlapped with the movable parts. An upper surface (13) of one of the movable parts moves on an upper surface (14) of the other movable part. A frame part (16) of the former movable part is connected to a base, where the former movable part moves around an axis that is parallel to a tread. The latter movable part has a half frame part (22) that supports a walkway. An independent claim is also included for a method for transferring goods and people between a platform of a vehicle and an off-shore construction.

WO 2012/021062 relates to a vessel (1) including a motion compensation platform (4). The platform comprises at least one carrier (6) for bearing, moving and/or transferring a load, and a gangway (16) provided with a first end (16 a) pivotally connected to the carrier (6) and a second end (16 b) for contacting a target area.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,473,916 relates to a gangway designed to extend between a pair of relatively movable bodies (2, 50), such as an off-shore field rescue vessel and a rig or platform has a series of telescopic platforms (36, 37) defining a substantially planar walk-way surface and linked by a lazy-tong form of coupling (17, 18, 19, 20).

WO 82/01729 relates to an automatic safety gangplank including a plurality of cooperating ladder sections which are extendable from a fully telescoped or retracted position to an elongated position for extension from a dock to the deck of a ship.

JP S60 166583 relates to a second ramp slidably in the lower section of a first ramp swingably attached to a hull, through the intermediary of a guide rail arranged along the side beam of the first ramp and as well by similarly providing a third ramp to the second ramp.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings, which schematically show embodiments of the device according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 is side view of an example of a transferring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed perspective view of a telescoping gangway comprising an intermediate platform according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 contains side views of various drivers for moving the intermediate platform according to the present invention forwards and backwards.

FIGS. 4A to 4D illustrating the movement of the intermediate platform relative to the telescoping gangway.

Elements that are identical or performing substantially the same function are denoted by the same numeral.

FIG. 1 shows a service vessel 1 manoeuvred alongside a fixed offshore structure, in this example a wind turbine 2 comprising a platform 3. The vessel carries a gangway 4 for transferring personnel and/or goods from the surface vessel 2 to an offshore structure.

The gangway 4 comprises a base frame 5, mounted in this example on a pedestal mast 6 via a slewing bearing 7. The gangway further comprises so-called luffing actuators 8, a gangway boom 9 in turn comprising first and second telescoping elements 9A, 9B and connected with its fixed end to the base frame 5. The free end of the gangway boom 9 carries a landing platform 10.

The gangway boom 9 is provided with an intermediate platform 11 that bridges the transition between the first and second telescoping elements 9A, 9B. The platform 11 is movable, in particular slidable, backwards and forwards relative to both telescoping elements 9A, 9B and over the transition. The platform can be, for instance, a plate, e.g. a treadplate, optionally provided with side walls or railings and/or a ramp 11A. It can be made of e.g. a metal, such as steel or aluminum, or another rigid material, such as a non-elastic synthetic material or even wood.

The gangway comprises a driver for moving the intermediate platform relative to both telescoping elements. In this example, the driver is connected with one end to one of the telescoping elements 9A, 9B and with the other end to the platform 11. Examples of suitable drivers are shown in FIG. 3 and include a hydraulic ram 15, a rack 16 and pinion 17, and a wire rope and sheave mechanism 18.

The gangway is further provided with a controller configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform via the driver and relative to the movement of at least one of the telescoping elements.

In example shown in the Figures, the movement of the platform 11 is proportional, e.g. by a factor 0,5, to the relative movement of the telescoping elements 9A, 9B.

In another example, the platform 11 is movable backwards and forwards from one end of the device to the other end, i.c. from adjacent the base frame 5 to adjacent the landing platform 10. The controller is configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform 11 such that it is, successively, fixed relative to the base frame 5, moved towards the landing platform 10 following a mathematical function, and fixed relative to landing platform 10.

A suitable class C3 function is:

h(t)=(1−θ(t−t1′))·f(t)+θ(t−t01′)·g(t),

where:

for t≤0, θ(t)=0

for 0<t<t2′−t1′=tθ, θ(t)=(t{circumflex over ( )}4/tθ{circumflex over ( )}7)·(35·tθ{circumflex over ( )}3−84·t t∝{circumflex over ( )}2+70·t{circumflex over ( )}2·tθ−20·t{circumflex over ( )}3), and

for t≤t2′−t1′, θ(t)=1

The function, which during the transition of the platform from one of the telescoping elements to the other mathematically ‘mixes’ the movements of these elements, is shown in the diagram in FIG. 4A. The diagrams in FIGS. 4B, 4C, and 4D show the movements, in terms of respectively position, speed, and acceleration, of the telescoping elements and the platform, i.e. the thin straight line represents the movement of the element that is considered fixed (typically the telescoping element connected to the vessel), the thin variable line represents the movement of the element that is considered to be telescoping (typically the element connected to e.g. an offshore structure) and the thick variable line represents the movement of the platform. As is apparent from these Figures, the movement of platform is smooth (FIG. 4B), without shocks (FIG. 4C), and without jerks (FIG. 4D).

The invention is not restricted to the above-described embodiments, which can be varied in a number of ways within the scope of the claims. In an example, for increased accuracy, the controller is configured to process speed measurements in addition to position measurements. Furthermore, passed experience can be used to optimise stroke (i.e. make the stroke of the intermediate platform as short as possible) or transition time or to limit the maximum speeds and/or maximum acceleration. 

1. A device, such as a gangway, for transferring personnel and/or goods from a surface vessel to a fixed or floating structure, e.g. an offshore structure, such as a wind turbine, or to another vessel, the device comprising first and second telescoping elements and herein an intermediate platform for bridging the transition between the first and second telescoping elements, which platform is movable relative to both telescoping elements.
 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the platform is movable backwards and forwards over the transition.
 3. The device according to claim 1, comprising a controller configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform relative to the movement of at least one of the telescoping elements.
 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the controller is configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform that it correlates with the movement of at least one of the telescoping elements.
 5. The device according to claim 4, at least during transfer of personnel and/or goods, the platform is maintained over the transition.
 6. The device according to claim 4, wherein the movement of the platform is proportional, preferably by a factor in a range from 0.3 to 0.7, e.g. 0.5, to the relative movement of the telescoping elements.
 7. The device according to claim 4, wherein, at least during transfer of personnel and/or goods, the platform is movable backwards and forwards from one end of the device the other end.
 8. The device according to claim 7, wherein the controller is configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform that it, successively correlates with the movement of one of the telescoping elements, moves towards the other telescoping element, and correlates with the movement of the other telescoping element.
 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein the controller is configured to control the movement of the intermediate platform, when it moves from one of the telescoping elements to the other, following a mathematical function defined at least on the basis of the movement of one of the telescoping parts relative to the other.
 10. The device according to claim 9, wherein at least the first derivative of the function is continuous.
 11. The device according to claim 10, wherein at least the first and second derivative of the function is continuous.
 12. The device according to claim 1, comprising a driver, such as a hydraulic ram, belt and wire rope and sheave, chain and sprocket or rack and pinion, for moving the intermediate platform relative to both telescoping elements.
 13. The device according to claim 1, wherein one end of the device is pivotally connected to a foundation mounted or to be mounted on a surface vessel, and preferably comprising a system for actively compensating for the motions of the vessel at least the coupling of the device to an offshore structure or to another vessel, and the free end of the device is provided with one or more grippers or buffers for coupling the device to an offshore structure or (other) vessel.
 14. The device according to claim 1, wherein the controller comprises a processor and a memory and configured to receive data on the relative movement of the telescoping elements to process such data and to operate one or more drivers that move the intermediate platform.
 15. The surface vessel comprising a device according to claim 1 for transferring personnel and/or goods from the vessel to an offshore structure or to another vessel. 